Georgia’s Bid: Western Values for Western SecurityPosted by Kyle Atwell in Transatlantic Relations, US Foreign Policy on Monday, September 29. 2008
Georgia’s president published a plea for continued western support in the Washington Post titled, “Answering Russian Aggression”. In it, President Mikheil Saakashvili promises an increase in Georgian transparency in exchange for continued support from and integration into the West.
Perhaps most significant to the West will be Saakashvili’s promise to increase transparency and openness of the Georgian state itself, to include reforms aimed at strengthening the opposition and liberalizing the media. Of course all good things come with a price, and for Georgia to continue its Western embrace, Saakashvili is asking for some help in return: But the West also must respond to Russia with conviction. We cannot allow Russia's annexation of South Ossetia and Abkhazia to stand. Nor can Moscow be permitted to continuously flout the cease-fire to which it has repeatedly agreed. Continue reading "Georgia’s Bid: Western Values for Western Security"
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Defined tags for this entry: Afghanistan, Civil Liberties, Civil Rights, Defense, European Union, Georgia, Human Rights, NATO
California: Today Gay Marriage, Tomorrow Meteors and VolcanoesPosted by Kyle Atwell in US Domestic and Cultural Issues on Saturday, May 17. 2008
The California Supreme Court made a 4-3 decision this week that will legalize gay marriage in California, most likely effective within 30 days. As reported by the New York Times:
This decision will give Americans the lived experience that ending exclusion from marriage helps families and harms no one,” said Evan Wolfson, executive director of Freedom to Marry, who noted that same-sex marriages were legal in Belgium, Canada, the Netherlands, South Africa and Spain.The timing of this action, coming only months before the US presidential elections in November, have led to speculation on whether or not it will hurt the Democratic nominee. Alex Altman wrote an article in Time Magazine asking, “Will Gay Marriage Help the GOP?”: California Republicans are hoping that history will prove instructive. After Massachusetts became the first state to codify marriage equality in 2003, the G.O.P. spent the ensuing general election wielding the issue as a potent weapon. Thirteen states passed ballot initiatives to ban same-sex marriage — including Ohio, the battleground that tipped the 2004 election in George W. Bush's favor. Opponents of gay marriage in California have generated more than 1 million signatures to place on November ballots an initiative amending the state's constitution to prohibit same-sex marriage.Kai Stinchcombe, a PhD candidate in political science at Stanford University, and a very good friend of mine, created the popular Facebook group Gay Marriage Killed the Dinosaurs. In his thoughtful analysis, Kai identifies 17 reasons gay marriage should remain illegal: Continue reading "California: Today Gay Marriage, Tomorrow Meteors and Volcanoes"
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Defined tags for this entry: Civil Liberties, Civil Rights, Democracy, Elections, Human Rights, McCain, Moral Values, Obama, presidential candidate, Religion, Republicans
Military Leaders Outline Plan for New Transatlantic BargainPosted by Kyle Atwell in Transatlantic Relations, US Foreign Policy on Friday, January 25. 2008
A group of European and American military leaders co-authored a report that was released last week, titled Toward a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World, Renewing Transatlantic Partnership (PDF version available from CSIS). The top brass – all with NATO experience – argue that the Alliance remains critical to both Europe and the US:
We are convinced that there is no security for Europe without the US, but we also dare to submit that there is no hope for the US to sustain its role as the world’s sole superpower without the Europeans as allies.The manifesto begins by arguing that many current and future threats – such as terrorism, international crime, demographic shifts, energy security, climate change, etc. – cannot effectively be addressed by any single country on its own. Instead, NATO provides the best opportunity for western countries to address new threats because it "links together a group of countries that share the most important values and convictions and that took a decision to defend those values and convictions collectively." Continue reading "Military Leaders Outline Plan for New Transatlantic Bargain"
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Defined tags for this entry: Afghanistan, Alliance, Defense, Democracy, European Union, Free Trade, Human Rights, Merkel, Military, NATO, Nukes, Rule of Law, Solidarity, Strategy
Lame Self-Congratulatory Editorial on Democracy PromotionPosted by Joerg Wolf in US Foreign Policy on Thursday, September 27. 2007
The Washington Post editorials are increasingly weird, for instance today's Save Burma:
The United States and the European Union acted with admirable cohesion and aggressiveness yesterday, calling for a meeting of the U.N. Security Council and asking it to consider sanctions What on earth is "admirable" about this? Isn't it a no-brainer to call for a Security Council session? Admirable is what the monks and nuns are doing. The West -- in particular the United States -- likes to portray itself as the promoter of democracy and human rights around the world, but there was no support for the democracy movement in Myanmar/Burma. And that is good. The monks and democracy activists would be discredited, if they received support from abroad. Democracy has to come from within. The West should not exaggerate its contribution. Calling for a Security Council session is easy. Getting Chinese and Russian support for a UN resolution is more difficult and the West has failed in this regard. Besides, rather than just threatening the regime with more sanctions, it might be more sensible to offer economic aid on the condition that the regime starts democratization in addition to the threats. Providing incentives and threats is better than only threats. Past sanctions did not work. Providing incentives might not work either, but it is always worthwhile to extend an olive branch. We can hope that the generals will be deterred by the warnings about the war crimes trials that could await them, or that their officers and conscripts will refuse to carry out their orders.War crimes trials? Since when are the Washington Post editorial writers in favor of the International Criminal Court? Besides, sitting on your couch and "hoping" for the best is not all that "admirable" and "aggressive". Why are you guys not calling upon the US government to support the International Criminal Court? American Moral Principles and European GigglesPosted by Joerg Wolf in Transatlantic Relations, US Foreign Policy on Tuesday, March 27. 2007
Considering the usual political leanings of The Washington Times, the op-ed "We are Americans" (March 19, 2007) by Nat Hentoff is a bit surprising: He writes about CIA renditions and points out:
A 1998 U.S. statute, part of the Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act, states: "It shall be the policy of the United States not to expel, extradite or otherwise effect the involuntary removal of any person to a country in which there are substantial grounds for believing the person would be in danger of being subjected to torture." I have heard administration semanticists maintain that this law applies only to prisoners we hold in our own jurisdiction, not to suspects kidnapped off the streets of another country. I sometimes think there may be courses for officials of this administration in how to conjugate what George Orwell called "newspeak" words and meanings turned inside out.Is Secretary Rice's comment condescending? Is it arrogant? She assumes an air of superiority, does not she? Or is European cynicism the problem? I think, some relaxed giggling at moralistic rhetoric is more appropriate than accusing the US government of hypocrisy because several European governments supported the CIA renditions in one way or another. Many European politicians make moralistic policy statements, although the policy results look different. Germany's Small FreedomsPosted by Joerg Wolf in German Politics on Wednesday, March 21. 2007
Writing for German Joys, Ed Philp looks at initiatives against "small freedoms" in Germany, i.e. against the relatively liberal attitudes towards smoking, maximum speed limits on the autobahn, the age of legal beer and wine consumption, and the sale of violent video games.
Ed wonders "how is Germany ever going to convince North American exchange students to spend a year over here without dangling the lure of legal access to liquor in front of them?" Ed appreciates that he can still drink a beer in public and that he could watch some second-rate prime-time nudity on TV, if he wanted to: "Even if these particular aspects don’t interest me, that level of liberalism toward social freedoms does." According to Ed, "Germany’s small freedoms seem to counterbalance limitations to ‘big’ freedoms, in contrast to the United States, which takes the opposite approach." Unfortunately, he does not elaborate, but in the comments section of German Joys he mentions home schooling as an example of "big freedom." Dialog International writes that "US Evangelicals Demand German Home Schooling." And even the State Department's report on "Human Rights Practices in Germany" points out: The legal obligation that children attend a school, confirmed by the Constitutional Court in May and the European Court of Justice in October, and the related bar on home schooling, was a problem for some groups. Generally, state authorities have permitted such groups to establish charter‑type schools.Two interesting comments at Dialog International: Potsdam Amerikanerin links to a study in International Review of Education, which points out that "Home education is permitted in some form or other in all the European countries studied except Germany." And Little Andy (blog) wonders if the home schooling supporters would continue to criticize Germany, if Muslim fundamentalist parents would make use of a legalization of home schooling.
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Defined tags for this entry: Civil Liberties, Education, Freedom, Germany, Human Rights, Moral Values
State Department Report on Human Rights in GermanyPosted by Joerg Wolf in Transatlantic Relations, US Foreign Policy on Friday, March 16. 2007
The State Department issued its annual Report on Human Rights Practices in Germany on March 6, 2007 with many statistics and some descriptions of individual cases. This year's conclusion is:
The government generally respected the human rights of its citizens. However, there were reported instances of mistreatment of prisoners and detainees by police, and there were limits on freedom of speech, press, assembly, and association aimed at groups deemed extremist. Extremists engaged in intimidation during the electoral process; there was governmental and societal discrimination against some minority religious groups; and cases of societal harassment of asylum seekers and other foreigners occurred. Violence against women, trafficking in persons, and harassment of racial minorities were problems.A former Foreign Service officer criticized "the overuse" of these mandated State Department reports as making the United States look "judgmental, moralistic and bullying." See the Atlantic Review post: "Foreign Policy by Report Card" Blamed for "Nurturing Seething Resentment Abroad" Personal comment: I don't think Germans care much about these reports, but some newspapers do take notice. Foreign Policy Round-UpPosted by Editors in on Sunday, January 21. 2007
Iraq vs. Darfur: Foreign Policy Blog
Torture: "The European Court of Human Rights ruled Thursday that two Chechen brothers were tortured in their strife-torn Russian republic and that authorities there failed to investigate their allegations of abuse." The Washington Post EU Military Capabilities: EU Observer: Europe says it is ready for more military action under the EU flag in 2007 after its "success" in Congo last year, with the German EU presidency putting Kosovo, Bosnia, Lebanon and Afghanistan at the top of its defence agenda for the next six months. "We begin 2007 ready to take up our responsibilities if needed - which I sincerely hope won't be the case - but we are in a position of readiness," EU top diplomat Javier Solana said in Brussels on Wednesday (17 January), after recalling that the EU's "battle group" structure reached "full operational capacity" on 1 January.I have not noticed any serious debate about more military and other commitments for Lebanon and Afghanistan. Did I miss anything? (I am not counting the German debate about sending Tornado reconnaissance jets for Southern Afghanistan) Pakistan: "More Evidence of Taliban Leader Hiding in Pakistan" Christian Science Monitor Iran: "U.S. officials, who asked not to be identified, say that the Iran policy has expanded from focusing chiefly on Iran's nuclear ambitions to challenging Tehran's suspected misbehavior across the Middle East. Indeed, one source said succinctly that the new policy is geared to 'confront Iran in every way but direct armed conflict, using all means short of war.'" National Journal Insurgencies: "Vietnam taught many Americans the wrong lesson: that determined guerrilla fighters are invincible. But history shows that insurgents rarely win, and Iraq should be no different. Now that it finally has a winning strategy, the Bush administration is in a race against time to beat the insurgency before the public’s patience finally wears out." Foreign Policy Senior German Government Official Puts Guantanamo in PerspectivePosted by Joerg Wolf in Transatlantic Relations on Friday, January 12. 2007
The human rights commissioner of the German government, Guenter Nooke (CDU), said on the occasion of the fifth anniversary of Guantanamo that the prison with its 395 inmates was "not as special as it is portrayed in the public" given the "thousands of human rights abuses" in Darfur, China, Russia, Cuba and other countries.
While many American news outlets wrote about European criticism of Guantanamo and fueled the claims of European double standards, only United Press International briefly mentioned Nooke's comments and focused on the criticism from opposition parties. Yes, the United States is a democracy and deserves to be held to a higher moral standard than China, Russia and others, but that does not mean that much worse human rights violaters should get a free pass. Sueddeutsche Zeitung (subscribers only) and Netzzeitung quote Germany's human rights commissioner as saying that one should not grant a 90 percent discount to autoritarian regimes who violate human rights, while demanding from America 110% compliance with human rights: Man kann nicht sagen, in Diktaturen oder autoritären Regimen gibt es 90 Prozent Menschenrechtsrabatt, während für Amerika die Einhaltung der Menschenrechte zu 110 Prozent gefordert wird.Related posts in the Atlantic Review: Europe's Moral Outrage and Why is Abu Ghraib a cover story again, but not Darfur? Merkel called for the closure of Guantanamo prior to her first trip to Washington DC as chancellor in January 2006 and has repeated that position frequently. Mr Nooke deserves credit for demanding more attention to human rights violations in other parts of the world. He reacted to criticism of his comments by reaffirming that Guantanamo is a "catastrophe for the West's credibility," reports N24 (in German). Yes, the "West's credibility," not just America's credibility; see The Burden of Guantanamo. Gitmo does damage to US allies. Therefore strong criticism is justified. ENDNOTE: German Joys writes that a new Human Rights Watch report "calls on the European Union to take the lead in human-rights enforcement, as the U.S. no longer has sufficient credibility to fulfill that role," but also criticizes Germany and the EU for being "too generous" toward human rights abuses in Russia and other important energy suppliers. UPDATE: The Washington Post has learned: Germany is investigating two special forces soldiers accused of assaulting a Turkish man while he was held in Afghanistan in 2002, prosecutors said on Monday. Murat Kurnaz, who has German residency, was sent from Afghanistan to Guantanamo Bay prison camp for terrorism suspects where he spent nearly five years before his release in August. (...) The Kurnaz case is an embarrassment in Germany which also faces allegations that the previous government secretly aided a U.S. program to kidnap and fly terrorism suspects to third countries for interrogation. "Foreign Policy by Report Card" Blamed for "Nurturing Seething Resentment Abroad"Posted by Joerg Wolf in Transatlantic Relations, US Foreign Policy on Tuesday, October 3. 2006
On September 15, 2006, the State Department released the latest International Religious Freedom Report and concludes that a "generally free practice of religion" is possible in Germany, but also has some criticism:
Although the country's religious demography grew increasingly complex, the generally amicable relationships among religious groups in society contributed to religious freedom. Important religious concerns included the organization of Islamic religious instruction in schools; social and governmental (federal and state) treatment of certain religious minorities, notably Scientologists and Jehovah's Witnesses; and bans in certain states on the wearing of headscarves by female Muslim teachers in public schools. The U.S. government discusses religious freedom issues with the Government as part of its overall policy to promote human rights. The U.S. government placed particular emphasis on support for direct dialogue between representatives of minority religious groups and relevant government officials.Read the full report on Germany at the State Department. John R. Hamilton, who retired last year after 35 years as a Foreign Service officer, incl. ambassadorships to Peru and Guatemala, criticizes the many annual State Department reports as "foreign policy by report card," the issuing of public assessments of the performance of other countries, with the threat of economic or political sanctions for those whose performance, in our view, doesn't make the grade. The overuse of these mandated reports makes us seem judgmental, moralistic and bullying.He argues that these reports "nurtured seething resentment abroad", because "the tolerance of other societies for being publicly judged by the United States has reached its limits." (I don't think Germans pay that much attention to these annual reports, but some newspapers do take notice.) Mr. Hamilton explains in the Washington Post: Each year we issue detailed human rights reports on every country in the world, including those whose performance appears superior to our own. We judge whether other countries have provided sufficient cooperation in fighting illegal drugs. We place countries whose protection of intellectual property has been insufficient on "watch lists," threatening trade sanctions against those that do not improve. We judge respect for labor rights abroad through a public petition process set up under the System of Generalized (trade) Preferences. We publish annual reports on other countries' respect for religious freedom. And more: We seek to ensure the adequacy of civil aviation oversight and the security of foreign airports through special inspections and categorizing of government performance. (…) We report on trafficking in persons and categorize the performance of every country where such trafficking is a problem, which is just about everywhere. And we withhold military education, training and materiel assistance from countries that do not enter into agreements with us to protect our nationals from the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court.Mr. Hamilton's conclusion "Our public reports have reinforced the view abroad that we set ourselves up unilaterally as police officer, judge and jury of other countries' conduct." explains in part why America is more often criticized than any other country in much of the international media. Fareed Zakaria made such an argument in Newsweek last year: I often argue with an Indian businessman friend of mine that America is unfairly singled out for scrutiny abroad. "Why didn't anyone criticize the French or Chinese for their meager response to the tsunami?" I asked him recently. His response was simple. "America positions itself as the moral arbiter of the world, it pronounces on the virtues of all other regimes, it tells the rest of the world whether they are good or evil," he said. "No one else does that. America singles itself out."The State Department does a good and necessary job of criticizing human trafficking, lack of religious freedom and other human rights violations around the world. However, while some countries get punished, some U.S. allies like Saudi Arabia do not. Nobody should be surprised that many of America's critics are not fair and balanced either. That's how the cookie crumbles. (As always, emphasis in bold was added) Talking about Torture and Using Germany for IllustrationPosted by Joerg Wolf in US Domestic and Cultural Issues on Sunday, October 1. 2006
To your left is a short video clip of a talk show discussion about the Senate vote on the controversial detainee interrogation bill.
It's a good summary of some of the usual pro and con arguments. Reza Aslam, author of No God But God. The Origin, Evolution and Future of Islam (Amazon.com, Amazon.de) is noteworthy. The panelist Sandy Rios defends the Bush policy and the Senate vote. To support her opinion she incorrectly claims that a German prosecutor used non-life-threatening coercion techniques to get the location of a kidnapped boy from the suspect. Bill Maher's response was inaudible to me (do you understand him?); nobody corrected her statement. In the case she mentioned nobody used any such techniques. The deputy policy chief threatened to use violence. The deputy police chief and another policeman were temporarily suspended and a judge said in his concluding statement: "With the threat of torture the police did grave damage to the rule of law of this country." Background in DW World. Continue reading "Talking about Torture and Using Germany for Illustration" Congressman Accuses Germany of "Complicity in Promoting Sex Trafficking" (UPDATE)Posted by Joerg Wolf in Transatlantic Relations on Tuesday, May 23. 2006
Congressman Christopher Smith, chairman of the human rights subcommittee, held a hearing to investigate Germany's World Cup Brothels, because "40,000 women and children [are] at risk of exploitation through trafficking":
An estimated 3 million fans from around the world will attend the games, and vast numbers of them are expected to buy sex as a form of entertainment. As many as 40,000 additional women are expected to be added to the approximately 400,000 women in Germany’s sex industry. Germans are accommodating the trade in women by facilitating the construction of mega-brothels and "sex huts," and cities hosting the games will issue special permits for street prostitution, creating a virtual partnership with brothel owners, pimps and traffickers. Continue reading "Congressman Accuses Germany of "Complicity in Promoting Sex Trafficking" (UPDATE)"
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