Posted by Kyle Atwell in
Transatlantic Relations, US Foreign Policy on Tuesday, February 12. 2008
Tired of the same old boring quagmire? Looking for a new kind of quagmire to talk about with your friends? Good news if you are, because Iraq is not the only quagmire around. No need to look far—keep it in the “axis of evil.” Iraq’s neighbor, Iran is also a quagmire of a sorts… a diplomatic quagmire for the transatlantic allies.
I’ll corroborate: the United States and Europe have been trying to anneal sanctions against Iran through the United Nations Security Council for years, only to have their proposals consistently rebuffed and watered down by China and Russia. The latest US National Intelligence Estimate (NIE), “Iran: Nuclear Intentions and Capabilities” (PDF version), is unlikely to make the pursuit of sanctions any easier:
We judge with high confidence that in fall 2003, Tehran halted its nuclear weapons program; we also assess with moderate-to-high confidence that Tehran at a minimum is keeping open the option to develop nuclear weapons.
Good news, right? Only kinda, according to Ralf Fuecks who points out at Atlantic Community that Iran remains a threat, regardless of the NIE:
It would… be a mistake to now sit back and relax. Becoming a nuclear power requires three elements: nuclear material, a carrier system with which to transport the deadly cargo, and the capability to build nuclear warheads. If the United States National Intelligence Council calculated correctly, Iran has only put the latter on ice - and namely in reaction to the triumphant advance of the American army in Iraq.
Iran is certainly pursuing nuclear material… hence the sanctions. Regarding delivery systems, Jeffrey Lewis of the New America Foundation provides analysis of Iran’s progress in developing its Shahab-3 missile here and here, a program that appears to be rocketing.
So, here is where we stand: Iran continues to pursue nuclear weapons (materials), the transatlantic allies want to deter this by strengthening existing sanctions, but China and Russia just won’t play along—and this has been going on for a few years now. What to do? Quagmire!
Silvan Shalom, a Likud (Israeli center-right political party) MK who has served as both foreign minister and finance minister, argues in Haaretz that Europe and America should not wait on China and Russia:
As in past years, the United States and the European Union do not see eye to eye with Russia and China, which are opposed to severe sanctions against Tehran. We must ask ourselves whether there is any point in waiting for Sino-Russian consent, or whether the two countries should simply be overlooked on this issue. There is no point in waiting. The U.S. and the EU can reach a clear, unequivocal and immediately implementable decision. Since most of Iran's international trade is with the U.S. and the EU, the decision to impose severe sanctions will have a strong, hard impact.
Perhaps. Of course there is the possibility Iran will redirect its business toward non-EU/US countries, rather than submit to the sanctions. I doubt Iran would be happy about this, but they certainly seem set for a fight. Just this week Iran announced it is opening its first investment banks to resist US sanctions and promote industry privatization. Kord Zangeneh, Iranian deputy finance minister, is quoted by Financial Times:
We are going to activate our private sector and our private banks… in order to fight against these [US] sanctions. This is the first time we have had investment banks and they will do what other investment banks all over the world do. They will take share subscriptions and act as an intermediary between the privatisation organisation and the stock exchange, helping us divest our state-owned enterprises. I promise that if I am here for the next two years, between 80 and 90 per cent of the government will be sold.
And in a droll twist, the US government may be inadvertently subsidizing development of Iran’s Bushehr nuclear reactor. New York Times:
The Energy Department is subsidizing two Russian nuclear institutes that are building important parts of [the Bushehr] reactor in Iran whose construction the United States spent years trying to stop, according to a House committee. Rep. John Dingell, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce… said, “We’ve got U.S. money providing assistance to help develop a reactor that we’re busy denouncing.”
Now that is almost funny.
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